Transmission by COVID 19 in a health area of Santiago de Cuba
Keywords:
COVID-19, epidemiology, epidemic, transmissionAbstract
Introduction: The SARS-CoV-2 virus is transmissible between humans and has caused a pandemic.
Objective: Characterize the main socio-epidemiological aspects related to the transmission of COVID-19.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in the Camilo Torres Restrepo area during the year 2021. The study population was made up of all confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases, contacts, and suspects. The spatial sampling units corresponded to the total number of blocks, in which confirmed cases were identified.
Results: The incidence rate curve showed an increase from week 27 onwards. Autochthonous transmission represented 92.2 % of the cases. There was a predominance of asymptomatic cases in the months of highest incidence. Before three variants of SARS-CoV-2 were reported, the transmission pattern was dispersed and in large clusters. The circulation of four strains (Alpha, Beta, Gamma and Delta) coincides with the increase in the incidence and fatality rate of the disease. When the population reached 95 % vaccination coverage, both curves decreased.
Conclusions: the transmission of COVID-19, with the circulation of SARS-CoV-2 virus variants at a micro territorial scale, the application of restrictive measures and immunization, modified the dynamics of transmission from small to large clusters, with the consequent decrease in morbidity and mortality of the disease.
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