Blastocistosis y urticaria, una asociación poco conocida

Luis Fonte Galindo; Yamilé Aleaga Santiesteban; Yosiel Molina Gómez

Blastocistosis y urticaria, una asociación poco conocida

Luis Fonte Galindo, Yamilé Aleaga Santiesteban, Yosiel Molina Gómez

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Resumen

Introducción: Globalmente, Blastocystis spp. es el protozoo más frecuentemente encontrado en las heces de humanos y otros animales. En Cuba, la Encuesta Nacional de Parasitismo Intestinal de 2009 demostró que la infección por Blastocystis spp. era la parasitosis más prevalente. La asociación entre blastocistosis y urticaria ha sido reportada de manera creciente en la literatura internacional. Esa asociación, poco conocida entre los profesionales de la salud cubanos, no ha sido estudiada en nuestro país.

Objetivos: Describir la asociación entre blastocistosis y urticaria.

Métodos: Mediante búsqueda electrónica en las bases de datos PubMed, Medline y Google Scholar, se realizó una revisión de los artículos publicados durante el período 2003-2023 sobre las evidencias y los mecanismos de asociación entre blastocistosis y urticaria. Puntualmente, también fueron consultados monografías y artículos originales fechados con anterioridad al intervalo mencionado.

Resultados: Se expone y analiza, con un enfoque académico y asistencial, la información actualizada sobre los temas seleccionados.

Conclusiones: Evidencias epidemiológicas, clínicas y terapéuticas demuestran asociación entre la infección por Blastocystis spp. y el desarrollo de urticaria. Trabajos recientes, insuficientes aún, describen los mecanismos que explicarían esa asociación. Algunos de esos mecanismos son similares a los relacionados con el desarrollo de lesiones urticarianas en el curso de otras infecciones parasitarias. Por ese motivo, el diagnóstico y tratamiento de lesiones urticarianas de posibles etiologías parasitarias debe hacerse desde un enfoque que tenga en cuenta no solo las condiciones socioeconómicas y sanitarias comunes que las propician, sino también el posible efecto potenciador de los mecanismos de las de una causa sobre los de otras.

Palabras clave

Blastocystis spp., Blastocistosis, Urticaria, Evidencias, Mecanismos

Referencias

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